%0 Journal Article
%@ 1929-0748
%I JMIR Publications
%V 14
%N 
%P e70575
%T Early Detection of Type 1 Diabetes in First-Degree Relatives in Saudi Arabia (VISION-T1D): Protocol for a Pilot Implementation Study
%A Algadi,Iman S
%A AlRuthia,Yazed
%A Mujammami,Muhammad H
%A Aburisheh,Khaled Hani
%A Alotaibi,Metib
%A Al Issa,Sharifah
%A Al-Saif,Amal A
%A Seftel,David
%A Tsai,Cheng-Ting
%A Al Khalifah,Reem A
%+ Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, King Saud University, PO Box 800, Riyadh, 11421, Saudi Arabia, 966 0557100303, reem_ah@yahoo.com
%K islet autoimmunity
%K type 1 diabetes mellitus
%K T1D
%K screening program
%K antibody detection by agglutination–polymerase chain reaction
%K PCR
%K ADAP
%K human leukocyte antigen
%K genetic risk score
%D 2025
%7 14.4.2025
%9 Protocol
%J JMIR Res Protoc
%G English
%X Background: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a growing global health concern, with a notable rise in incidence in Saudi Arabia. Despite the potential benefits of early detection through screening programs, such initiatives are currently lacking in Saudi Arabia and other Arab countries. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and cost-effectiveness of a T1D-screening program targeting high-risk individuals, specifically children with a first-degree relative diagnosed with T1D. Methods: The VISION-T1D program is a prospective cohort study focused on the early detection of presymptomatic T1D by screening children aged 2-18 years. The primary screening method involves testing for islet autoantibodies, including insulin autoantibodies, glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies, insulinoma associated-2 autoantibodies, and zinc transporter-8 autoantibodies. Optional genetic testing, including human leukocyte antigen phenotyping and the genetic risk score, is offered. Outcomes include the feasibility of the screening process, prevalence of early-stage T1D, psychological impacts, educational intervention effectiveness, progression rates to stage-3 T1D, and economic viability. Results: The VISION-T1D program began in May 2024. As of December 2024, a total of 176 families have been enrolled. Data collection will continue until April 2025, with final data analysis projected for mid-2025. Conclusions: The VISION-T1D study provides a practical approach to T1D screening tailored to the health care landscape of Saudi Arabia. The insights gained from this pilot program will inform the development of a national, population-based screening initiative designed to reduce diabetic ketoacidosis at diagnosis, improve long-term outcomes, and alleviate the economic burden of T1D. The VISION-T1D initiative could also serve as a scalable and sustainable model that can be adopted internationally, contributing to global efforts to manage and prevent T1D. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT06513247; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06513247 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID): DERR1-10.2196/70575 
%R 10.2196/70575
%U https://www.researchprotocols.org/2025/1/e70575
%U https://doi.org/10.2196/70575