TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kurizky, Patricia
AU  - Nóbrega, Otávio T
AU  - Soares, Alexandre Anderson De Sousa Munhoz
AU  - Aires, Rodrigo Barbosa
AU  - Albuquerque, Cleandro Pires De
AU  - Nicola, André Moraes
AU  - Albuquerque, Patrícia
AU  - Teixeira-Carvalho, Andréa
AU  - Naves, Luciana Ansaneli
AU  - Fontes, Wagner
AU  - Luz, Isabelle Souza
AU  - Felicori, Liza
AU  - Gomides, Ana Paulo Monteiro
AU  - Mendonça-Silva, Dayde Lane
AU  - Espindola, Laila Salmen
AU  - Martins-Filho, Olindo Assis
AU  - de Lima, Sheila Maria Barbosa
AU  - Mota, Licia Maria Henrique
AU  - Gomes, Ciro Martins
PY  - 2021
DA  - 2021/3/4
TI  - Molecular and Cellular Biomarkers of COVID-19 Prognosis: Protocol for the Prospective Cohort TARGET Study
JO  - JMIR Res Protoc
SP  - e24211
VL  - 10
IS  - 3
KW  - COVID-19
KW  - TARGET
KW  - cytokine profile
KW  - neutrophil function
KW  - thromboelastometry
KW  - neutralizing antibodies
KW  - metabolomics
KW  - proteomics
KW  - biomarker
KW  - prognosis
KW  - design
KW  - cohort
KW  - virus
KW  - immunology
KW  - immune system
KW  - genetics
AB  - Background: Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, the world’s attention has been focused on better understanding the relation between the human host and the SARS-CoV-2 virus, as its action has led to hundreds of thousands of deaths. Objective: In this context, we decided to study certain consequences of the abundant cytokine release over the innate and adaptive immune systems, inflammation, and hemostasis, comparing mild and severe forms of COVID-19. Methods: To accomplish these aims, we will analyze demographic characteristics, biochemical tests, immune biomarkers, leukocyte phenotyping, immunoglobulin profile, hormonal release (cortisol and prolactin), gene expression, thromboelastometry, neutralizing antibodies, metabolic profile, and neutrophil function (reactive oxygen species production, neutrophil extracellular trap production, phagocytosis, migration, gene expression, and proteomics). A total of 200 reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction–confirmed patients will be enrolled and divided into two groups: mild/moderate or severe/critical forms of COVID-19. Blood samples will be collected at different times: at inclusion and after 9 and 18 days, with an additional 3-day sample for severe patients. We believe that this information will provide more knowledge for future studies that will provide more robust and useful clinical information that may allow for better decisions at the front lines of health care. Results: The recruitment began in June 2020 and is still in progress. It is expected to continue until February 2021. Data analysis is scheduled to start after all data have been collected. The coagulation study branch is complete and is already in the analysis phase. Conclusions: This study is original in terms of the different parameters analyzed in the same sample of patients with COVID-19. The project, which is currently in the data collection phase, was approved by the Brazilian Committee of Ethics in Human Research (CAAE 30846920.7.0000.0008). Trial Registration: Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials RBR-62zdkk; https://ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-62zdkk International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID): DERR1-10.2196/24211 
SN  - 1929-0748
UR  - https://www.researchprotocols.org/2021/3/e24211
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2196/24211
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33661132
DO  - 10.2196/24211
ID  - info:doi/10.2196/24211
ER  -