TY  - JOUR
AU  - Li, Guorong
AU  - Mallouk, Nora
AU  - Flandrin, Pascale
AU  - Garcin, Arnauld
AU  - Lambert, Claude
AU  - Berremila, Sid Ali
AU  - Habchi, Hocine
AU  - Mottet, Nicolas
PY  - 2021
DA  - 2021/7/20
TI  - Presence of Urinary Exosomes for Liquid Biopsy of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma: Protocol for a Pilot Feasibility Study
JO  - JMIR Res Protoc
SP  - e24423
VL  - 10
IS  - 7
KW  - liquid biopsy
KW  - urine exosome
KW  - CA9
KW  - clear cell renal cell carcinoma
KW  - kidney cancer
AB  - Background: Approximately 70%-80% of kidney cancers are clear cell renal cell carcinomas (CCRCCs). Patient management is based on imaging (abdominal ultrasound and computerized tomography), surgical excision of the tumor, and pathological analysis. A tissue biopsy is therefore necessary to confirm the diagnosis and avoid unnecessary nephrectomy. For metastatic cancers, a tissue biopsy is essential for establishing the targeted therapy. This biopsy of tumor material is invasive and painful. Other techniques such as liquid biopsy would help reduce the need for tissue biopsy. The development of a simple biological test for diagnosis is essential. CA9 is a powerful marker for the diagnosis of CCRCC. Exosomes have become a major source of liquid biopsy because they carry tumor proteins, RNA, and lipids. Urine is the most convenient biological liquid for exosome sampling. Objective: The aim of this study (PEP-C study) is mainly to determine whether it is possible to detect urinary exosomal CA9 for the molecular diagnosis of CCRCC. Methods: This study will include 60 patients with CCRCC and 40 noncancer patients. Exosomes will be isolated from urine samples and exosomal CA9 will be detected by transmission electron microscopy, flow cytometry, and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results: This study is currently underway with funding support from the CHU Saint-Etienne of France. Conclusions: We expect to demonstrate that urinary tumor exosomes could be a novel liquid biopsy to diagnose CCRCC and to guide clinicians in treatment decision-making. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04053855; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04053855 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID): DERR1-10.2196/24423 
SN  - 1929-0748
UR  - https://www.researchprotocols.org/2021/7/e24423
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2196/24423
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34283029
DO  - 10.2196/24423
ID  - info:doi/10.2196/24423
ER  -