TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dogba, Maman Joyce
AU  - Brent, Michael H
AU  - Bach, Catherine
AU  - Asad, Sarah
AU  - Grimshaw, Jeremy
AU  - Ivers, Noah
AU  - Légaré, France
AU  - Witteman, Holly O
AU  - Squires, Janet
AU  - Wang, Xiaoqin
AU  - Sutakovic, Olivera
AU  - Zettl, Mary
AU  - Drescher, Olivia
AU  - van Allen, Zack
AU  - McCleary, Nicola
AU  - Tremblay, Marie-Claude
AU  - Linklater, Stefanie
AU  - Presseau, Justin
PY  - 2020
DA  - 2020/2/12
TI  - Identifying Barriers and Enablers to Attending Diabetic Retinopathy Screening in Immigrants to Canada From Ethnocultural Minority Groups: Protocol for a Qualitative Descriptive Study
JO  - JMIR Res Protoc
SP  - e15109
VL  - 9
IS  - 2
KW  - retinopathy
KW  - diabetes
KW  - eye screening
KW  - theoretical domains framework
KW  - integrated knowledge translation
KW  - patient engagement
KW  - behavior change
KW  - immigrant health
KW  - minority health
KW  - patient oriented research
AB  - Background: Immigrants to Canada belonging to ethnocultural minority groups are at increased risk of developing diabetes and complications, including diabetic retinopathy, and they are also less likely to be screened and treated. Improved attendance to retinopathy screening (eye tests) has the potential to reduce permanent complications, including blindness. Objective: This study aims to identify the barriers and enablers of attending diabetic retinopathy screening among ethnocultural minority immigrants living with diabetes in Quebec and Ontario, Canada, to inform the development of a behavior change intervention to improve diabetic retinopathy screening attendance. Methods: The research question draws on the needs of patients and clinicians. Using an integrated knowledge translation approach, the research team includes clinicians, researchers, and patient partners who will contribute throughout the study to developing and reviewing materials and procedures, helping to recruit participants, and disseminating findings. Using a convenience snowball strategy, we will recruit participants from three target groups: South Asian and Chinese people, and French-speaking people of African descent. To better facilitate reaching these groups and support participant recruitment, we will partner with community organizations and clinics serving our target populations in Ontario and Quebec. Data will be collected using semistructured interviews, using topic guides developed in English and translated into French, Mandarin, Hindi, and Urdu, and conducted in those languages. Data collection and analysis will be structured according to the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF), which synthesizes predominant theories of behavior change into 14 domains covering key modifiable factors that may operate as barriers or enablers to attending eye screening. We will use directed content analysis to code barriers and enablers to TDF domains, then thematic analysis to define key themes within domains. Results: This study was approved for funding in December 2017, and the research ethics board approved the conduct of the study as of January 13, 2018. Data collection then began in April 2018. As of August 28, 2018, we have recruited 22 participants, and analysis is ongoing, with results expected to be published in 2020. Conclusions: Findings from this study will inform the codevelopment of theory-informed, culturally- and linguistically-tailored interventions to support patients in attending retinopathy screening. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID): DERR1-10.2196/15109 
SN  - 1929-0748
UR  - https://www.researchprotocols.org/2020/2/e15109
UR  - https://doi.org/10.2196/15109
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32049067
DO  - 10.2196/15109
ID  - info:doi/10.2196/15109
ER  -