JMIR Research Protocols

Social prescribing (SP) takes a holistic approach to health by linking clients from clinical settings to community programs to address their nonmedical needs. The emerging evidence base for SP demonstrates variability in the design and implementation of different SP initiatives. To effectively address these needs, coproduction among clients, communities, stakeholders, and policy makers is important for tailoring SP initiatives for optimal uptake.

While sepsis, an exaggerated response to infection, can affect people of all age groups, it is more prevalent in middle-aged and older adults. Older adults suffer worse short-term and long-term outcomes than younger patients. Older sepsis survivors are commonly discharged to long-term acute care facilities, where they often die within 1 year. Those who return home from the hospital lose the momentum of physical function improvement after early inpatient rehabilitation, and often face exacerbation of comorbidities and decline in physical function. Additionally, patients who are discharged home often live at distant locations and are not able to commute to rehabilitation centers due to their poor health status. Therefore, remotely delivered exercise interventions tailored to this population hold promise to improve physical function safely and effectively after sepsis. However, this type of intervention has yet to be tested in this population.

Global databases show a high prevalence of mental health problems among adolescents (13.5% among those aged 10-14 years and 14.65% for those aged 15-19 years). Successful coping depends on risk and protective factors and how their interaction influences resilience. Higher resilience has been shown to correlate with fewer mental health problems. Digital mental health interventions may help address these problems.

Rapid and flexible data collection efforts are necessary for effective monitoring and research on tobacco and nicotine product use in a constantly evolving marketplace. The Rutgers Omnibus Survey (1) provides timely data on awareness and use of new and emerging tobacco products among adults in a rapid manner, (2) provides a platform for measurement experiments to help develop and refine measures of tobacco use that reflect the current marketplace, and (3) generates pilot data for grant applications and scientific manuscripts.

A total of 12 modifiable risk factors account for 40% of dementia cases globally, yet population adherence to health behaviors associated with these factors is low. Midlife is a critical window for dementia prevention, as brain pathology often begins to accumulate years or decades before the onset of symptoms. Although multidomain behavioral interventions have been efficacious in reducing the risk of cognitive decline, adherence is low. Intrapersonal factors, such as health beliefs, are known mediators of the relationship between knowledge and health behavior.

At present, there is no standardized method for measuring intraoperative blood loss. Rather, the current data on existing methods is very broad and opaque. In many cases, blood loss during surgery is estimated visually by the surgeon. However, it is known that this type of method is very prone to error. Therefore, better standardized methods are needed.

The increased incidence of breast cancer implies the appearance of frequent symptoms associated with disease and treatments, such as pain. For the management of this issue, auricular therapy has been used in a complementary manner, especially for its safety and analgesic action.

Patients with post–COVID-19 condition (PCC) experience a wide range of complaints (physical, cognitive, and mental), sometimes with high levels of disability in daily activities. Evidence of effective interdisciplinary rehabilitation treatment is lacking. A person-centered, biopsychosocial, interdisciplinary rehabilitation program, adapted to expert opinions and the patient’s needs, was therefore developed.

Learning styles are biological and developmental configurations of personal characteristics that make the same teaching method effective for some and ineffective for others. Studies support a relationship between learning style and career choices in medicine, resulting in learning style patterns being observed in different residency programs, including in general surgery, from medical school to the last stages of training. The methodologies, populations, and contexts of the few studies pertinent to the matter are very different from one another, and a scoping review on this theme will enhance and organize what is already known.

Root canal failure and secondary endodontic infection are frequent clinical scenarios in dentistry. The main microorganisms implicated in root canal therapy failure are persistent Enterococcus faecalis, Candida albicans, and Staphylococcus aureus. To combat the impact of disease resistance, scientists are concentrating on alternative antimicrobial root canal sealers. Nanomaterials are a recent development in endodontic materials that exhibit great antimicrobial properties, making them an ideal material choice for root canal sealers.

Stress related to Alzheimer disease and related dementias (ADRD) is common, particularly among those who care for persons with challenging behaviors and personality or mood changes. Mindfulness and self-compassion programs are efficacious for managing stress. The skills of mindfulness and self-compassion, however, must be integrated with behavioral management skills in order to effectively improve caregiver stress.

HIV disproportionately affects sexual minority men (SMM; eg, gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men) in Lima, Peru; epidemiological data estimate that 32% to 39% of new HIV infections occur among adult cisgender SMM within primary partnerships (ie, male couples). Most HIV prevention-care research in Lima, Peru, has focused on SMM as individuals and not couples. To help address this critical gap in prevention care, we developed Para Ti, Para Mí, Para Nosotros (P3): a couples-based, digital HIV serostatus-neutral intervention (DHI) for adult cisgender SMM couples in Lima, Peru. The P3 DHI is designed to facilitate couples with skill-building, communication, decision-making, and working together to form and adhere to a detailed prevention care plan that aligns with their explicit sexual agreement. The P3 DHI is theoretically informed, self-guided, directed, sequential, and fully automated.