Long-Term Opioid Therapy in Spine Center Outpatients: Protocol for the Spinal Pain Opioid Cohort (SPOC) Study

Claus Manniche   ¹ , MD, DMSc ;   Lonny Stokholm   ² , MScPH, PhD ;   Sophie L Ravn   ^{3, 4} , MSc, PhD ;   Tonny E Andersen   ³ , MSc, PhD ;   Lars PA Brandt   ^{5, 6} , MD, PhD ;   Katrine H Rubin   ² , MHS, PhD ;   Berit Schiøttz-Christensen   ^{7, 8} , MD, PhD ;   Lars L Andersen   ⁹ , PhD ;   Søren G Skousgaard   ^{5, 6} , MD, PhD

¹ Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark

² Open Patient Data Explorative Network, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark and Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark

³ Department of Psychology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark

⁴ Specialized Hospital for Polio and Accident Victims, Roedovre, Denmark

⁵ Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark

⁶ Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark

⁷ Spine Centre of Southern Denmark, Middlefart Hospital-Lillebælt Hospital, Middelfart, Denmark

⁸ University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark

⁹ National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark