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Impact of Conversational and Animation Features of a Mental Health App Virtual Agent on Depressive Symptoms and User Experience Among College Students: Randomized Controlled Trial

Impact of Conversational and Animation Features of a Mental Health App Virtual Agent on Depressive Symptoms and User Experience Among College Students: Randomized Controlled Trial

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)-based mental health apps represent a viable option to improve access to mental health resources [3]. A form of CBT, brief cognitive behavioral therapy (b CBT) has been suggested for depressive individuals as a means of maintaining the user’s attention while not requiring large amounts of the user’s time or energy.

Stephanie Six, Elizabeth Schlesener, Victoria Hill, Sabarish V Babu, Kaileigh Byrne

JMIR Ment Health 2025;12:e67381

Identifying Intersecting Factors Associated With Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors Among Transgender and Gender Diverse Adults: Preliminary Conditional Inference Tree Analysis

Identifying Intersecting Factors Associated With Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors Among Transgender and Gender Diverse Adults: Preliminary Conditional Inference Tree Analysis

Conditional inference trees model the nonlinear relationships between a wide range of predictors and an outcome. As a data mining approach, the conditional inference tree is a data-driven analytic strategy that identifies interacting social determinants from many candidate predictors to determine which predictors are most relevant to specific outcomes.

Amelia M Stanton, Lauren A Trichtinger, Norik Kirakosian, Simon M Li, Katherine E Kabel, Kiyan Irani, Alexandra H Bettis, Conall O’Cleirigh, Richard T Liu, Qimin Liu

J Med Internet Res 2025;27:e65452

Motivation Theories and Constructs in Experimental Studies of Online Instruction: Systematic Review and Directed Content Analysis

Motivation Theories and Constructs in Experimental Studies of Online Instruction: Systematic Review and Directed Content Analysis

For example, medical students completing an online module on a basic science topic may be confident in their ability to learn but struggle to see the value in the material beyond their next examination. Conversely, students completing a virtual examination with a standardized patient may see the value in what they are learning but not feel confident in their ability to succeed.

Adam Gavarkovs, Erin Miller, Jaimie Coleman, Tharsiga Gunasegaran, Rashmi A Kusurkar, Kulamakan Kulasegaram, Melanie Anderson, Ryan Brydges

JMIR Med Educ 2025;11:e64179

Maternal Metabolic Health and Mother and Baby Health Outcomes (MAMBO): Protocol of a Prospective Observational Study

Maternal Metabolic Health and Mother and Baby Health Outcomes (MAMBO): Protocol of a Prospective Observational Study

The aim of this study is to develop risk calculators that best predict (1) a mother’s risk of having a neonate with abnormal fetal growth (large for gestational age [LGA] or small for gestational age [SGA]); (2) a mother’s risk of having a serious adverse neonatal outcome; and (3) a mother’s risk of developing new metabolic disease after pregnancy (Figure 1).

Sarah A L Price, Digsu N Koye, Alice Lewin, Alison Nankervis, Stefan C Kane

JMIR Res Protoc 2025;14:e72542

Assessing the Dissemination of Federal Risk Communication by News Media Outlets During Enteric Illness Outbreaks: Canadian Content Analysis

Assessing the Dissemination of Federal Risk Communication by News Media Outlets During Enteric Illness Outbreaks: Canadian Content Analysis

Risk communication is a fundamental component of risk analysis that involves the exchange of information about risk and risk-related factors using a range of appropriate tools and strategies [1]. Effective risk communication is instrumental in promoting awareness [2], increasing behavior uptake [3], and mitigating adverse health events [4,5]. Food safety risk communication has 2 aims depending on the audience.

Hisba Shereefdeen, Lauren Elizabeth Grant, Vayshali Patel, Melissa MacKay, Andrew Papadopoulos, Leslie Cheng, Melissa Phypers, Jennifer Elizabeth McWhirter

JMIR Public Health Surveill 2025;11:e68724

Comparison of Deep Learning Approaches Using Chest Radiographs for Predicting Clinical Deterioration: Retrospective Observational Study

Comparison of Deep Learning Approaches Using Chest Radiographs for Predicting Clinical Deterioration: Retrospective Observational Study

Furthermore, this simplifies the prediction task to a single time point, making it more feasible to compare multiple models and augmentation strategies. Patients with a chest radiograph within 48 hours before the first elevated e CART score were included in the study. Available anterior-posterior or posterior-anterior views were included in the study cohort.

Mahmudur Rahman, Jifan Gao, Kyle A Carey, Dana P Edelson, Askar Afshar, John W Garrett, Guanhua Chen, Majid Afshar, Matthew M Churpek

JMIR AI 2025;4:e67144

Association of Social Media Recruitment and Depression Among Racially and Ethnically Diverse Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Candidates: Prospective Cohort Study

Association of Social Media Recruitment and Depression Among Racially and Ethnically Diverse Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Candidates: Prospective Cohort Study

The American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery recommends MBS for individuals with a BMI >35 kg/m2, regardless of the presence or absence of comorbidities; for individuals with type 2 diabetes and a BMI >30 kg/m2; or for individuals with a BMI between 30‐34.9 kg/m2 who have not achieved adequate weight loss or improvement in comorbidities with nonsurgical obesity treatment methods [18].

Jackson M Francis, Sitapriya S Neti, Dhatri Polavarapu, Folefac Atem, Luyu Xie, Olivia Kapera, Matthew S Mathew, Elisa Marroquin, Carrie McAdams, Jeffrey Schellinger, Sophia Ngenge, Sachin Kukreja, Benjamin E Schneider, Jaime P Almandoz, Sarah E Messiah

JMIR Form Res 2025;9:e58916

Provider Perspectives on Implementing an Enhanced Digital Screening for Adolescent Depression and Suicidality: Qualitative Study

Provider Perspectives on Implementing an Enhanced Digital Screening for Adolescent Depression and Suicidality: Qualitative Study

Transcripts were coded by the first author following a template analysis approach [18] with NVivo software (version 14; Lumivero), using a prespecified codebook. The codebook was created according to a hybrid approach, using a deductive approach to generate high-level codes based on the CFIR Codebook Template [15], and an inductive approach to incorporate themes that arose from the data [19].

Morgan A Coren, Oliver Lindhiem, Abby R Angus, Emma K Toevs, Ana Radovic

JMIR Form Res 2025;9:e67624

Substance-Related Acute Toxicity Deaths in Canada From 2016 to 2017: Protocol for a Retrospective Chart Review Study of Coroner and Medical Examiner Files

Substance-Related Acute Toxicity Deaths in Canada From 2016 to 2017: Protocol for a Retrospective Chart Review Study of Coroner and Medical Examiner Files

Canada continues to experience a national overdose crisis, with a large burden of harms that are inequitably distributed throughout the population. Between January 2016 and June 2023, a total of 40,642 people died of opioid toxicity alone, with associated mortality rates increasing over time [1]. Compared to other countries where data are available, the United States and Canada have seen rapid escalations and persistently high accidental acute toxicity mortality rates [2].

Jenny Rotondo, Amanda VanSteelandt, Fiona Kouyoumdjian, Matthew J Bowes, Tanya Kakkar, Graham Jones, Brandi Abele, Regan Murray, Emily Schleihauf, Jessica Halverson, Jennifer Leason, Dirk Huyer, Beth Jackson, Songul Bozat-Emre, Devanshi Shah, Erin E Rees

JMIR Public Health Surveill 2025;11:e49981

Factors Impacting Mobile Health Adoption for Depression Care and Support by Adolescent Mothers in Nigeria: Preliminary Focus Group Study

Factors Impacting Mobile Health Adoption for Depression Care and Support by Adolescent Mothers in Nigeria: Preliminary Focus Group Study

Perinatal depression, a condition common in pregnant women, is higher among adolescent mothers than older mothers [10,11] occurring during pregnancy and up to one year after childbirth. Untreated perinatal depression is a risk for negative health outcomes for mothers and their infants [12].

Lola Kola, Tobi Fatodu, Manasseh Kola, Bisola A Olayemi, Adeyinka O Adefolarin, Simpa Dania, Manasi Kumar, Dror Ben-Zeev

JMIR Form Res 2025;9:e42406