JMIR Research Protocols

Electronic medical charts within Workplace Safety and Insurance Board (WSIB) specialty programs contain rich but unstructured clinical and sociodemographic data essential for injury classification, treatment planning, and compensation decisions. Manual chart review is time-consuming, inconsistent, and susceptible to reviewer bias. Large language models (LLMs) extract complex information from unstructured clinical text, yet their application to workplace injury rehabilitation remains unexplored.

Reduced cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is a well-recognized but underaddressed complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), contributing substantially to cardiovascular morbidity, mortality, and reduced quality of life. Evidence related to pulmonary function, functional exercise capacity, and autonomic dysfunction in T2DM remains fragmented and methodologically heterogeneous.

Eating disorders (EDs) remain challenging to treat effectively, with low recovery percentages and high relapse rates. This study protocol explores autonomy-enhancing therapy as a therapeutic adjunct to existing day care treatment in the last phase of treatment. Autonomy-enhancing therapy is aimed at improving autonomy-connectedness: the capacity for self-steering while connected to others, which encompasses self-awareness, sensitivity to others, and the capacity for managing new situations. Higher autonomy-connectedness has been associated with improved ED recovery and lower relapse rates, yet little is known about the effectiveness of autonomy-enhancing therapy in ED populations.

About 828 million adults were estimated to be living with diabetes, and this is projected to affect 1 in 9 adults by 2045. In Belgium, 7.6% of adults have been diagnosed with the disease; however, approximately 1 in 3 people remain unaware of their condition. Advances in information and communication technology (ICT) have improved care quality and health management, and facilitated communication between health care providers and patients. The Digital Diabetes Patient Reminder (DIPAR) tool was developed as an extension of the existing patient portal to support diabetes management through automated reminders for overdue monitoring, and a consultation dashboard that facilitates communication between patients and health care providers. This pilot study was conducted within the European Joint Action on Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes framework.

Adoption of sustainable menstrual products, such as menstrual cups (MCs) and menstrual panties (MPs), remains low in India despite national menstrual hygiene initiatives. Cultural taboos, low awareness, and misinformation are significant barriers. This study develops and evaluates a community-based intervention led by trained community health workers and female teachers to promote sustainable menstrual product use among adolescent girls.

Endoscopic hemostasis is used to treat colonic diverticular bleeding (CDB); however, rebleeding is frequently observed after conservative treatment. Currently, evidence regarding the efficacy of oral medications for preventing rebleeding from colonic diverticula is limited. Orengedokuto (Huanglian Jiedu Tang) is a traditional Kampo formula with capillary-constricting and hemostatic properties that are used to treat bleeding conditions such as epistaxis, hematemesis, and melena. If proven to be effective in preventing rebleeding, orengedokuto could reduce the need for hospitalization and repeat endoscopic procedures, thereby lowering the burden on patients and health care systems.

Preterm infants often experience physiological instability and immature feeding coordination, which can delay the transition to oral feeding and prolong hospitalization. Nonpharmacological interventions are increasingly used to support feeding readiness and neurobehavioral regulation. Exposure to breast milk odor has shown potential benefit. However, robust evidence from randomized controlled trials using validated outcome measures remains limited, particularly in the Indonesian context.

Dementia training requires innovative strategies to improve nursing students’ attitudes, knowledge, and behavioral responses regarding ageism. Virtual reality (VR) offers immersive learning, but existing interventions often rely on passive 360° viewing, which provides limited opportunities for practice communication.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) disease activity during disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD) tapering is commonly monitored using in-person clinical assessment and the 28-joint Disease Activity Score with C-reactive protein (DAS28-CRP). Although effective, this approach is resource intensive and may be inconvenient for patients. Remote monitoring with patient-reported outcomes and wearable sensors may enable earlier flare detection and support safer, more personalized tapering pathways. Prior pilot work suggests that accelerometry-derived physical activity, mobility, and sleep metrics correlate with RA disease activity and are acceptable to patients.

A significant proportion of patients with major depressive disorder do not achieve remission after 2 antidepressant trials and are considered to have treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is an effective treatment for TRD. However, relapse rates among remitters within the first year post treatment are significant, and there are no validated markers of relapse. Wearable devices have shown positive results for longitudinal monitoring of health metrics, and may be a promising tool for early detection of relapse following rTMS treatment.

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and intersex (LGBTQI+) patients continue to experience stigma, discrimination, and inadequate knowledge among mental health and medical professionals. These barriers can negatively impact health care outcomes, leading to delayed treatment, mistrust, and unmet medical needs within LGBTQI+ communities. Providing culturally competent care to LGBTQI+ people remains a critical challenge within health and social care. The development and use of reliable and valid assessments examining LGBTQI+ health care professional competency continue to be important in understanding and ameliorating LGBTQI+ health inequalities.

The leading cause of disability worldwide is low back pain. The incidence of herniated disc is approximately 5 to 20 cases per 1000 adults per year, and herniated disc is prevalent in people in their third to fifth decade of life, with a male-to-female ratio of 2:1. In Ayurveda, the condition grudhrasi is considered analogous to radiculopathy. In conventional medicine, the first line of treatment includes conservative management, such as patient education, manual therapy, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Ayurvedic treatments are used to manage lumbar radiculopathy.