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Effects of Sound Interventions on the Mental Stress Response in Adults: Scoping Review

Effects of Sound Interventions on the Mental Stress Response in Adults: Scoping Review

Using the operator “AND” we combined three key fields to comprehensively capture relevant literature (1) mental stress or relaxation indicators: terms such as “stress,” “anxiety,” and “relax*” were included to identify studies focused on both stress-related conditions and relaxation as therapeutic outcomes; (2) sound-based interventions: this field targeted interventions where sound is essential, encompassing “sound therapy,” “music therapy,” “guided relaxation,” “guided meditation,” “hypno*,” “ASMR,” (autonomous

Marina Saskovets, Irina Saponkova, Zilu Liang

JMIR Ment Health 2025;12:e69120

Effects and Acceptability of a 1-Week Home-Based Virtual Reality Training for Supporting the Management of Stress and Anxiety: Randomized Pilot Trial

Effects and Acceptability of a 1-Week Home-Based Virtual Reality Training for Supporting the Management of Stress and Anxiety: Randomized Pilot Trial

Relaxing VR content, especially those created ad hoc by researchers and clinicians to mimic nature [9,12] and immersive video games [11,13], have been shown to help individuals learn and practice relaxation techniques, such as breath exercise [14], progressive muscle relaxation [15], biofeedback [16,17], and mindfulness [18,19].

Federica Pallavicini, Eleonora Orena, Lisa Arnoldi, Federica Achille, Stefano Stefanini, Maddalena Cassa, Alessandro Pepe, Guido Veronese, Luca Bernardelli, Francesca Sforza, Sara Fascendini, Carlo Alberto Defanti, Marco Gemma, Massimo Clerici, Giuseppe Riva, Fabrizia Mantovani

JMIR Serious Games 2025;13:e50326

Diaphragmatic Breathing Interfaces to Promote Relaxation for Mitigating Insomnia: Pilot Study

Diaphragmatic Breathing Interfaces to Promote Relaxation for Mitigating Insomnia: Pilot Study

Relaxation training is an important adjunct to insomnia treatment, particularly diaphragmatic breathing. Slow breathing can regulate the autonomic nervous system, increasing heart rate variability (HRV) and electroencephalogram (EEG) α power, leading to a state of calm and relaxation [6]. A variety of health apps focus on insomnia treatment, such as sleep diaries; however, there are few relaxation training apps specifically designed for insomniacs.

Yi-Jen Lai, Hsiao-Yean Chiu, Ko-Chiu Wu, Chun-Wei Chang

JMIR Serious Games 2025;13:e67000

Designing a Smartphone-Based Virtual Reality App for Relaxation: Qualitative Crossover Study

Designing a Smartphone-Based Virtual Reality App for Relaxation: Qualitative Crossover Study

Numerous studies have affirmed the effectiveness of VR relaxation in promoting relaxation and alleviating stress [14-19]. Recent reviews by Riches et al [20-22] also demonstrate that VR relaxation is an acceptable, feasible, and effective tool for enhancing relaxation and reducing stress across diverse populations, including the general population [20], various clinical populations [21], and in workplace settings [22].

Amandine Verstegen, Tom Van Daele, Bert Bonroy, Glen Debard, Romy Sels, Marlon van Loo, Sylvie Bernaerts

JMIR Form Res 2025;9:e62663

Effects of Smart Goggles Used at Bedtime on Objectively Measured Sleep and Self-Reported Anxiety, Stress, and Relaxation: Pre-Post Pilot Study

Effects of Smart Goggles Used at Bedtime on Objectively Measured Sleep and Self-Reported Anxiety, Stress, and Relaxation: Pre-Post Pilot Study

Concomitantly, the development of innovative consumer products designed to promote relaxation and support healthy sleep is emerging. Their effectiveness can be evaluated in field studies using ambulatory measurement technologies [6]. The aim of this research was to examine the effects of smart goggles used at bedtime to deliver gentle vibration to the eyes and temples, on sleep as well as on perceived stress, anxiety, and relaxation.

Sharon Danoff-Burg, Elie Gottlieb, Morgan A Weaver, Kiara C Carmon, Duvia Lara Ledesma, Holly M Rus

JMIR Form Res 2025;9:e58461

Open-World Games’ Affordance of Cognitive Escapism, Relaxation, and Mental Well-Being Among Postgraduate Students: Mixed Methods Study

Open-World Games’ Affordance of Cognitive Escapism, Relaxation, and Mental Well-Being Among Postgraduate Students: Mixed Methods Study

Next, we discuss the potential effects of open-world games on players’ cognitive escapism, relaxation, and mental well-being. The open world of The Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wild. Well-being may encompass a wide range of psychological states, including happiness, stress levels, and overall mental health [25]. Open-world games, by providing opportunities for escapism and relaxation, can positively influence these aspects of well-being.

Ailin Anto, Arunima Basu, Rania Selim, Thomas Foscht, Andreas Benedikt Eisingerich

J Med Internet Res 2024;26:e63760

Mental Health Benefits of Listening to Music During COVID-19 Quarantine: Cross-Sectional Study

Mental Health Benefits of Listening to Music During COVID-19 Quarantine: Cross-Sectional Study

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the therapeutic qualities of jazz, particularly its complexity and calming rhythm, may have made it an effective tool for promoting mindfulness and mental clarity, providing a sense of relaxation amidst the challenges of the time. This study aims to understand the music-listening behaviors of people during the COVID-19 quarantine and examine how the heterogeneity in music preferences impacts mental outcomes.

Xuechang Xian, Xiaoran Zhang, Danhe Zheng, Yanlin Wang

JMIR Form Res 2024;8:e46497

Supporting the Mind in Space: Psychological Tools for Long-Duration Missions

Supporting the Mind in Space: Psychological Tools for Long-Duration Missions

One promising approach to managing stress during long missions is through mindfulness and relaxation techniques [7]. These practices have been shown to substantially reduce stress, enhance focus, and improve emotional regulation, making them valuable tools for astronauts facing long-term isolation and confinement. Mindfulness encourages individuals to stay present and manage stress without judgment, which can be particularly helpful in an environment where stressors are constant and inevitable.

Francesco Pagnini

Interact J Med Res 2024;13:e66626

Association of Digital Engagement With Relaxation Tools and Stress Level Reduction: Retrospective Cohort Study

Association of Digital Engagement With Relaxation Tools and Stress Level Reduction: Retrospective Cohort Study

In summary, although there has been an established body of research evaluating the efficacy of mobile app platforms for stress management, there has been less focus on the effectiveness of engagement with specific components and relaxation strategies for stress reduction. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of a relaxation engagement digital behavioral health app on perceived stress.

Inbar Breuer-Asher, Marilyn D Ritholz, David L Horwitz, Omar Manejwala, Ephraim Behar, Yifat Fundoiano-Hershcovitz

JMIR Form Res 2024;8:e50506

Mobile-Delivered Mindfulness Intervention on Anxiety Level Among College Athletes: Randomized Controlled Trial

Mobile-Delivered Mindfulness Intervention on Anxiety Level Among College Athletes: Randomized Controlled Trial

The qualitative analysis of the social media messages with additional comments shows participants reported 5 main effects of the meditation: sleepiness, calmness, relaxation, body sensation, and decentering. Although these effects are distinctively different from each other, they are interconnected. Therefore, it is common for some participants to share more than 1 effect in 1 social media message. Sleepiness emerged as a major effect that participants experienced and shared.

Yu Gao, Lu Shi, Ning Fu, Nan Yang, Tracy Weeks-Gariepy, Yuping Mao

J Med Internet Res 2024;26:e40406