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Optimizing Initial Vancomycin Dosing in Hospitalized Patients Using Machine Learning Approach for Enhanced Therapeutic Outcomes: Algorithm Development and Validation Study

Optimizing Initial Vancomycin Dosing in Hospitalized Patients Using Machine Learning Approach for Enhanced Therapeutic Outcomes: Algorithm Development and Validation Study

The purpose of this study was to develop an algorithm using ML techniques to forecast whether the initial vancomycin regimen to be administered can achieve an AUC24/MIC ratio within the therapeutic range. In other words, the final output of the ML algorithm predicted “yes” or “no” based on whether the AUC24/MIC of vancomycin falls within the therapeutic range of 400 to 600.

Heonyi Lee, Yi-Jun Kim, Jin-Hong Kim, Soo-Kyung Kim, Tae-Dong Jeong

J Med Internet Res 2025;27:e63983

Automatic Human Embryo Volume Measurement in First Trimester Ultrasound From the Rotterdam Periconception Cohort: Quantitative and Qualitative Evaluation of Artificial Intelligence

Automatic Human Embryo Volume Measurement in First Trimester Ultrasound From the Rotterdam Periconception Cohort: Quantitative and Qualitative Evaluation of Artificial Intelligence

The algorithm takes as input the 3 D ultrasound image and outputs the corresponding predicted segmentation. During development, the algorithm learned to set its internal parameters by minimizing the difference between the predicted segmentation and the segmentations obtained in VR. Two separate models were developed: one for segmenting the embryo and another for the embryonic head.

Wietske A P Bastiaansen, Stefan Klein, Batoul Hojeij, Eleonora Rubini, Anton H J Koning, Wiro Niessen, Régine P M Steegers-Theunissen, Melek Rousian

J Med Internet Res 2025;27:e60887

Identifying Data-Driven Clinical Subgroups for Cervical Cancer Prevention With Machine Learning: Population-Based, External, and Diagnostic Validation Study

Identifying Data-Driven Clinical Subgroups for Cervical Cancer Prevention With Machine Learning: Population-Based, External, and Diagnostic Validation Study

Additionally, we trained an e Xtreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) algorithm [42] to predict 5 CCP subgroups with differential risks of outcomes, as described in our previous work [23]. Briefly, the model was trained and calibrated using an isotonic regression algorithm, and internally validated in the discovery cohort. The SHapley Additive ex Planations (SHAP) method was employed to identify each feature’s relative contribution [23,43] and enhance the model’s explainability.

Zhen Lu, Binhua Dong, Hongning Cai, Tian Tian, Junfeng Wang, Leiwen Fu, Bingyi Wang, Weijie Zhang, Shaomei Lin, Xunyuan Tuo, Juntao Wang, Tianjie Yang, Xinxin Huang, Zheng Zheng, Huifeng Xue, Shuxia Xu, Siyang Liu, Pengming Sun, Huachun Zou

JMIR Public Health Surveill 2025;11:e67840

Synthetic Data-Driven Approaches for Chinese Medical Abstract Sentence Classification: Computational Study

Synthetic Data-Driven Approaches for Chinese Medical Abstract Sentence Classification: Computational Study

In the second part, we fine-tuned the sentence transformer and then used the Doc SCAN algorithm to cluster the synthetic datasets. We chose the sbert-chinese-general-v2 model, which is a model pretrained on the Sim CLUE dataset [30], as the base model due to its outstanding performance on embedding Chinese sentences.

Jiajia Li, Zikai Wang, Longxuan Yu, Hui Liu, Haitao Song

JMIR Form Res 2025;9:e54803

Deep Learning Models to Predict Diagnostic and Billing Codes Following Visits to a Family Medicine Practice: Development and Validation Study

Deep Learning Models to Predict Diagnostic and Billing Codes Following Visits to a Family Medicine Practice: Development and Validation Study

Spelling mistakes: we corrected potential spelling errors by applying the Symmetric Delete spelling correction algorithm (Sym Spell) with the MEDLINE unigram dictionary, which includes over 28 million unique terms. Punctuation: we removed punctuation from the text. Vectorization: we vectorized the text into a sequence of numbers in the term frequency–inverse document frequency format [19]. We used Tensorflow and Keras to construct one model each for the prediction of diagnostic codes and billing codes.

Akshay Rajaram, Michael Judd, David Barber

JMIR AI 2025;4:e64279