Published on in Vol 6, No 9 (2017): September
1 Surgical Outcomes Research Center, Department of Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
2 Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
3 Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, United States
4 Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, United States
5 Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
6 Comparative Effectiveness, Cost and Outcomes Research Center, Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
*these authors contributed equally
†deceased