Mobile Messaging Support Versus Usual Care for People With Type 2 Diabetes on Glycemic Control: Protocol for a Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial

Andrew Farmer   ^{1 *} , DM, FRCGP ;   Kirsty Bobrow   ^{2 *} , MBChB, MSc, DPhil ;   Natalie Leon   ³ , MA (ClinPsych), MA (Public Health), PhD ;   Nicola Williams   ¹ , MSc ;   Enita Phiri   ⁴ , BA, MSc ;   Hazel Namadingo   ⁴ , MSc ;   Sara Cooper   ³ , PhD ;   John Prince   ⁵ , BEng ;   Amelia Crampin   ⁶ , MBChB, MSc, FFPHM ;   Donela Besada   ³ , MPH ;   Emmanuelle Daviaud   ³ , MSc ;   Ly-Mee Yu   ¹ , MSc, DPhil ;   Jonathan Ngoma   ⁷ , MBBS, FCP (SA), FCP (ECSA) ;   David Springer   ⁸ , DPhil ;   Bruno Pauly   ⁹ , MBBCh ;   Shane Norris   ¹⁰ , PhD ;   Lionel Tarassenko   ⁵ , FREng, FMedSci ;   Moffat Nyirenda   ⁶ , PhD, FRCP ;   Naomi Levitt   ² , MD, FCP (SA)

¹ Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom

² Chronic Disease Initiative for Africa, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa

³ South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa

⁴ Malawi Epidemiology and Intervention Research Unit, Lilongwe, Malawi

⁵ Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Oxford, United Kingdom

⁶ Malawi Epidemiology and Intervention Research Unit, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom

⁷ Kamuzu Central Hospital, Lilongwe, Malawi

⁸ The Boston Consulting Group, London, United Kingdom

⁹ Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Johanesburg, South Africa

¹⁰ South African Medical Research Council, Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa

*these authors contributed equally