Novel Assessments of Technical and Nontechnical Cardiac Surgery Quality: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Study

Donald Likosky   ^{1 *} , PhD ;   Steven J Yule   ^{2 *} , PhD, FRCSE ;   Michael R Mathis   ^{3 *} , MD ;   Roger D Dias   ^{4 *} , MD, MBA, PhD ;   Jason J Corso   ^{5 *} , PhD ;   Min Zhang   ^{6 *} , PhD ;   Sarah L Krein   ^{7 *} , PhD, RN ;   Matthew D Caldwell   ^{3 *} , MD ;   Nathan Louis   ^{5 *} , BS ;   Allison M Janda   ^{3 *} , MD ;   Nirav J Shah   ^{3 *} , MD ;   Francis D Pagani   ^{1 *} , MD, PhD ;   Korana Stakich-Alpirez   ^{1 *} , MS, CCRP ;   Milisa M Manojlovich   ^{8 *} , PhD, RN

¹ Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States

² Department of Clinical Surgery, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom

³ Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States

⁴ STRATUS Center for Medical Simulation, Department of Emergency Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States

⁵ Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, School of Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States

⁶ Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States

⁷ Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States

⁸ School of Nursing, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States

*all authors contributed equally