Design of a Tool Capable of Assessing Environmental Sociocultural Physical Factors Influencing Women’s Decisions on When and Where to Toilet Within Real-World Settings: Protocol for the Build and Usability Testing of a Mobile App for Use by Community-Dwelling Women

Janis M Miller   ^{1, 2} , BSN, MSN, PhD ;   Jean F Wyman   ³ , PhD ;   Lawrence An   ^{4, 5} , MD ;   Haitao Chu   ^{6 *} , MD, PhD ;   Cynthia S Fok   ^{7 *} , MD ;   Missy Lavender   ^{8 *} , MBA ;   Cora Elizabeth Lewis   ^{9 *} , MSPH, MD ;   Alayne D Markland   ^{10, 11 *} , MSc, DO ;   Leslie M Rickey   ^{12, 13} , MPH, MD ;   Ying Sheng   ^{1, 2, 14} , MSN, PhD ;   Siobhan Sutcliffe   ^{15, 16, 17 *} , MHS, ScM, PhD ;   Lisa Kane Low   ^{1, 2} , BSN, MS, PhD ;   Elizabeth R Mueller   ^{18, 19} , MD ;   The Prevention of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (PLUS) Research Consortium   ^{20 *}

¹ Department of Health Behavior and Biological Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States

² Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States

³ School of Nursing, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States

⁴ Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States

⁵ Center for Health Communications Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States

⁶ Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States

⁷ Department of Urology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States

⁸ Renalis Health, Cleveland, OH, United States

⁹ Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States

¹⁰ Division of Gerontology, Geriatrics, and Palliative Care, Department of Medicine, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States

¹¹ Birmingham/Atlanta Veteran’s Affairs Geriatric Research Educational and Clinical Center, Birmingham, AL, United States

¹² Department of Urology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States

¹³ Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States

¹⁴ School of Nursing, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States

¹⁵ Public Health Sciences Division, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States

¹⁶ Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States

¹⁷ Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States

¹⁸ Division of Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States

¹⁹ Female Urology/Pelvic Medicine & Reconstructive Surgery, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, United States

²⁰ See Acknowledgments, Minneapolis, MN, United States

*these authors contributed equally