Optimizing and Testing an Individualized and Adaptive Physical Activity Digital Health Intervention: Protocol for a Control Optimization Trial Embedded Within a Randomized Controlled Trial

Meelim Kim   ^{1, 2, 3 *} , PhD ;   Shadia Mansour-Assi   ^{1, 4 *} , MPH ;   Mohamed El Mistiri   ⁵ , PhD ;   Junghwan Park   ^{1, 2, 3, 6} , PhD ;   Sarasij Banerjee   ⁵ , MS ;   Owais Khan   ⁵ , PhD ;   Steven De La Torre   ¹ , PhD ;   Michael Higgins   ^{1, 2, 7} , MS ;   Job Godino   ^{1, 2, 4, 7} , PhD ;   Kevin Patrick   ^{1, 2} , MD, MS ;   Camille Nebeker   ^{1, 2, 3} , PhD ;   Sonia Jain   ¹ , PhD ;   Predrag Klasnja   ⁸ , PhD ;   Daniel E Rivera   ⁵ , PhD ;   Eric Hekler   ^{1, 2, 3} , PhD

¹ Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States

² The Qualcomm Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States

³ The Design Lab, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States

⁴ Laura Rodriguez Research Institute, Family Health Centers of San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States

⁵ Control Systems Engineering Laboratory, School for Engineering of Matter, Transport, Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States

⁶ Ministry of Health and Welfare, Korean National Government, Sejong, Republic of Korea

⁷ Exercise and Physical Activity Resource Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States

⁸ School of Information, University of Michigan–Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, United States

*these authors contributed equally