An Exercise Intervention to Unravel the Mechanisms Underlying Insulin Resistance in a Cohort of Black South African Women: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial and Baseline Characteristics of Participants

Julia H Goedecke   ^{1, 2} , PhD ;   Amy E Mendham   ^{1, 2} , PhD ;   Louise Clamp   ² , BSc (Med) Hons ;   Pamela A Nono Nankam   ² , MSc ;   Melony C Fortuin-de Smidt   ² , MBChB, MSc ;   Lindokuhle Phiri   ² , MPhil ;   Lisa K Micklesfield   ^{2, 3} , PhD ;   Dheshnie Keswell   ² , PhD ;   Nicholas J Woudberg   ⁴ , PhD ;   Sandrine Lecour   ⁴ , PharmD, PhD ;   Ali Alhamud   ⁵ , PhD ;   Mamadou Kaba   ⁶ , MD, PhD ;   Faith M Lutomia   ⁶ , BSc (Hons) ;   Paul J van Jaarsveld   ^{1, 7} , PhD ;   Anniza de Villiers   ¹ , PhD ;   Steven E Kahn   ⁸ , MBChB ;   Elin Chorell   ⁹ , PhD ;   Jon Hauksson   ¹⁰ , PhD ;   Tommy Olsson   ⁹ , MD, PhD

¹ Non-Communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa

² Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa

³ South African Medical Research Council /University of the Witwatersrand Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Gauteng, South Africa

⁴ Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa

⁵ Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa

⁶ Division of Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa

⁷ Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa

⁸ Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System and University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States

⁹ Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umea, Sweden

¹⁰ Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden