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Published on in Vol 15 (2026)

Preprints (earlier versions) of this paper are available at https://preprints.jmir.org/preprint/86058, first published .
The Gut Bacterial Resistome in the First Two Years of Life: Protocol for a Longitudinal Observational Birth Cohort Study

The Gut Bacterial Resistome in the First Two Years of Life: Protocol for a Longitudinal Observational Birth Cohort Study

The Gut Bacterial Resistome in the First Two Years of Life: Protocol for a Longitudinal Observational Birth Cohort Study

Justine Fri   1 * , PhD ;   Idris Njanje   1 * , PhD ;   Tjale Cloupas Mahopo   1, 2 , PhD ;   Lufuno Grace Mavhandu-Ramarumo   1, 3 , PhD ;   Pascal Obong Bessong   1, 4 , PhD ;   Microbiome and Antimicrobial Resistance Collaborators   5 *

1 SAMRC-UNIVEN Antimicrobial Resistance and Global Health Research Unit, Institute for Pathogen and Global Health Research, University of Venda, Thohoyandou, South Africa

2 Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Venda, Thohoyandou, South Africa

3 Department of Virology, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria, South Africa

4 Center for Global Health Equity, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States

5 See Acknowledgments

*these authors contributed equally

Corresponding Author:

  • Pascal Obong Bessong, PhD
  • SAMRC-UNIVEN Antimicrobial Resistance and Global Health Research Unit
  • Institute for Pathogen and Global Health Research, University of Venda
  • University Road, Private Bag X5050
  • Thohoyandou 0950
  • South Africa
  • Phone: 27 15 962 8301
  • Email: pascal.bessong@univen.ac.za