JMIR Research Protocols

The persistence of Enterococcus faecalis is a significant challenge in endodontic therapy, due to its ability to form biofilms and penetrate the dentinal tubules, frequently leading to treatment failures. Therefore, despite the proven antimicrobial activity of metronidazole and chlorhexidine, the resilience of Enterococcus faecalis necessitates integrating activation techniques. Laser and sonic activation methods show promise in enhancing the antibacterial performance of irrigants. However, studies on the activation-enhanced efficacy of metronidazole, chlorhexidine, and saline remain limited.

A Just-in-Time Adaptive Intervention (JITAI) recognizes the dynamic nature of individuals’ states and contexts, predicts support needs, and sends tailored support at more opportune, actionable times.

HIV counseling support staff (CSS) play a crucial role in HIV care outcomes, providing essential access to HIV test counseling, linkage-to-care support, adherence counseling, peer support, and navigation. Effective training in evidence-based interventions like motivational interviewing (MI) is imperative to maximize the impact of CSS in enhancing HIV care outcomes. MI is a collaborative, goal-oriented communication method aimed at bolstering an individual’s motivation and movement toward specific goals by eliciting and exploring personal arguments for change. MI has demonstrated efficacy across various medical and mental health outcomes, including its significant impact on the status-neutral HIV Care Continuum.

Individuals who undergo metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) are at an increased risk of developing a postoperative alcohol use disorder. Therefore, preventive strategies are needed to mitigate this risk. A technology-based intervention has reduced alcohol use among other populations and could be used after MBS.

In recent years, routine outcome monitoring has been increasingly complemented by routine process monitoring in psychotherapy and other health care settings. Various approaches to therapy feedback exist, differing in assessment frequency, integration into the therapeutic process, and degree of personalization. In this study, we will use a procedure of high-frequency assessment through daily self-ratings, a standard process questionnaire, alongside a personalized questionnaire derived from case formulation, and frequent feedback interviews using visual diagrams to mirror the ongoing therapeutic processes.

FEASible is a cross-sectional observational study that explores women’s daily living patterns through wearable devices and home environment sensors to validate the use of physical activity and indoor air quality data as indicators of risk for metabolic syndrome (MetS) and cardiovascular disease.

Background: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus is increasing in sub-Saharan Africa. Data on the prevalence of diabetes in Zimbabwe are scarce and the aetiologic types of diabetes are not well characterised. Classification of diabetes in Zimbabwe relies on clinical criteria at the time of diagnosis and more detailed phenotype data are lacking. Furthermore, the prevalence of complications at diagnosis of diabetes and the incidence of complications during follow-up is not well documented in Zimbabwe.

Global sleep surveys reported in 2019 that 80% of adults want to improve their sleep quality, and in 2021, 45% were dissatisfied with their sleep. In 2025, United States adults reported 37% sleep dissatisfaction and 38% not feeling energized after sleep. These findings are consistent with data from the 2016 nationally representative survey of Mexican adults (aged ≥18 years), in which 37% reported sleep problems.

With improved access to antiretroviral treatment, HIV infection has become a chronic disease, and the proportion of people living with HIV aged 50 years or older is increasing. However, the long-term evolution of this disease is associated with an increased risk of comorbidities and functional impairments, which negatively impact the social participation and quality of life of people living with HIV. In resource-limited countries, population aging is a new situation, and significant challenges remain unaddressed to respond to this demographic shift. Strong evidence supports the role of physical activity (PA) in improving health and decreasing functional limitations in many chronic conditions, including HIV. However, there is a lack of information on how to effectively implement this type of nondrug intervention in resource-limited contexts.

Men who have sex with men (MSM) are at high risk for bacterial sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including gonorrhea, chlamydia, and syphilis, in Kenya. Because nucleic acid amplification testing (NAAT) is not widely accessible, most gonorrhea and chlamydia infections go undiagnosed and are treated only if symptomatic. World Health Organization (WHO)–recommended periodic presumptive treatment (PPT) and doxycycline post-exposure prophylaxis (doxyPEP) are both potential interventions to reduce the burden of bacterial STIs in this population. Neither has been rigorously tested among MSM in Africa.

Sedentary lifestyles as a nursing diagnosis are prevalent in the life patterns of community-dwelling older adults, who have been shown to be the most sedentary and physically inactive subgroup. Prolonged low energy expenditure during waking hours leads to an increased risk of non-communicable diseases and impairs physical functioning in older adults, negatively impacting their health outcomes. Therefore, interventions targeting changes in sedentary lifestyles are necessary to improve health behaviors in older adults.

Digital assessment tools in health care are increasingly used to aid clinicians in diagnosing mental health conditions. Particularly since the quarantine and isolation guidelines of the COVID-19 pandemic moved much of health care online, there has been an accelerated adoption of digital assessment tools. The diagnostic accuracy of digital mental health assessments tools for a range of psychiatric conditions has yet to be fully explored, especially for their use in populations of older adults and children.